Printmaster Landmark · 2023

The Zone of Interest

Directed by Jonathan Glazer

Domestic routine occupies the image while an extermination camp persists in sound beyond the wall; what is heard cannot be made harmless by remaining unseen.

Countries
United Kingdom · Poland · United States
Languages
German · Polish · Yiddish
Runtime
105 minutes

Printmaster editorial

Why it matters

The film’s governing idea is a division of attention. The camera remains with Rudolf Höss and his family while the extermination camp next door is built as a continuous off-screen reality. Sound is not illustration here: it supplies the film the image refuses to provide. The wall separates spaces, but it cannot keep one reality from entering the other.

That division makes listening an ethical act. Domestic detail—footsteps, crockery, children, birds, water—does not soften what is heard beyond the frame. It shows how atrocity can be absorbed into routine. Distance is carefully judged: events remain geographically credible and often acoustically ordinary, which makes the family’s sustained inattention more disturbing than a conventional horror crescendo.

The form was constructed as two films. Johnnie Burn’s team completed the domestic world before introducing the researched camp soundtrack, preserving the independence of each layer. Jonathan Glazer’s phrase ‘the film you see’ and ‘the film you hear’ is therefore more than a metaphor; it describes the production method as well as the audience’s experience.

Mica Levi’s music enters rarely and under a different set of rules. Its voices, falling pitches and electronic ruptures do not score the family’s emotions. They open and close the film, interrupt its apparent naturalism and expose a register that realistic sound alone cannot contain. The soundtrack’s authorship crosses the usual borders between production recording, editorial construction, effects, mixing and score.

Verified process

How the two films were built

A domestic world recorded from within

Glazer used as many as ten concealed cameras at once and allowed takes to run for up to an hour. With no boom operators moving through the live set, Tarn Willers and his team mapped almost fifty possible microphone positions across the house and garden. Cabled microphones were suspended from ceilings, plant microphones were concealed, and actors also wore radio microphones where possible. The aim was not simply clean dialogue, but a detailed, natural acoustic life.

Fact / process Tarn Willers, IATSE Local 695 ↗

An unseen world researched before post

Burn was given roughly a year to research and record what the camp layer would require. He consulted survivor testimony, historical writing, photographs and drawings, then organised the work in a document of about 600 pages. Recordings were chosen and positioned according to event, language, distance and reflective surfaces so that the horror would register as an adjacent physical reality rather than a generalized collage.

Fact / process Bryan Abrams / Motion Picture Association ↗

Music kept outside conventional scoring

Levi sent an early musical idea in 2016 and later spent a year in the studio with Glazer and editor Paul Watts. Many approaches were tested and discarded because music interfered with the realistic density of the sound design. The remaining material operates structurally—especially over black screens and in the night passages—rather than continually steering emotion.

Fact / process Sophia Satchell-Baeza / BFI Sight and Sound ↗

Close listening

Listen for

  1. Two simultaneous filmsNotice how the domestic foreground remains coherent while another narrative continues beyond the wall.
  2. Distance as evidenceGunshots, machinery, trains, voices and dogs are scaled and reflected as events in a neighbouring geography, not pushed forward as spectacle.
  3. Competing realitiesListen to family conversation, play and garden sounds continuing without yielding to the camp layer.
  4. The house itselfFootsteps, crockery, doors, plumbing and room tone give the visible world a mundane physical credibility.
  5. Nature without innocenceBirds, insects, frogs, river and garden life coexist with industrial and human violence; ambience does not become consolation.
  6. Changes of proximityThe soundtrack alters with position in the house and garden, making the wall an acoustic boundary that is never fully sealed.
  7. Restraint and ruptureLong passages avoid conventional score; music and abstraction arrive as formal breaks rather than emotional underlining.
  8. The black screenAt the beginning and end, image withdraws and listening becomes the primary way the film directs attention.

Close listening · One sequence

Two realities share the garden

The Höss family's exterior domestic scenes

The visible scene offers sunlight, conversation, children and cultivated space. The soundtrack refuses that frame as the whole reality: engines, industry, commands, gunfire and human suffering persist at changing distances beyond the wall.

  1. Do not wait for a cueThe camp is not introduced only at dramatic moments. Its continuity is the point.
  2. Competing attentionDomestic detail remains intelligible while distant events make innocence impossible; neither layer politely clears space for the other.
  3. Distance without safetyScale and perspective locate violence beyond the garden without allowing physical separation to become moral separation.

What it teaches: Off-screen sound can contradict the limits of an image and make selective attention itself the subject of a film.

No timecode is given because editions and distributor idents vary. Locate the sequence by description.

Verified quotations

In their words

“There are, in effect, two films: the one you see, and the one you hear.”
Jonathan GlazerInterview with Sean O’Hagan, The Observer, 10 December 2023Source ↗
“We thought of it as two films: the film you see and hear in the house and the film you hear over the camp wall.”
Johnnie BurnInterview with Bryan Abrams, Motion Picture Association, 18 January 2024Source ↗
“It felt like my job was almost the opposite, with Jon keen for us to capture every detail no matter how seemingly mundane.”
Tarn WillersFirst-person production account, IATSE Local 695Source ↗
“It couldn’t just work on a subliminal level; it had to be technical rather than emotive.”
Mica LeviInterview with Sophia Satchell-Baeza, BFI Sight and Sound, 14 August 2024Source ↗

Research & close listening

Recording a house as a live performance space

Production sound mixer Tarn Willers describes a shoot with ten cameras running together, concealed equipment and actors free to move without conventional marks. Boom operators could not follow them through the visible sets. His team planned almost fifty microphone positions around the house, moving the available microphones to suit each day’s scenes rather than installing fifty microphones at once. Suspended wired microphones and hidden plant microphones captured household detail as well as speech. Willers’s account distinguishes this domestic location recording from the later construction of the camp soundscape: the two layers had different production histories.

Read the source Local 695 · Tarn Willers on location recording ↗

A listening exercise

Printmaster editorial · A prompt for your own analysis

Choose a domestic scene and make two columns: sounds linked to visible activity and sounds arriving from beyond the frame. Mark moments when your attention shifts even though the camera does not. Consider what the family acknowledges and what the audience is asked to acknowledge.

Seminar question: How does the persistence of ordinary activity affect your response to the sounds beyond the wall?

People and roles

The sound team

Sonic authorship

Production sound

Sound editorial

Foley

Roles above are assembled from the MPSE nomination roster, Tarn Willers’s first-person production account, Halo Post’s facility credit and published production-credit records. They document the principal credited and award-recognised sound team, not every uncredited contribution.

Recognition for sound

Different awards, different maps of the work

The pattern is more useful than a total. The Academy and BAFTA condensed the achievement to Burn and Willers; AMPS recognised a five-person production-and-post team; MPSE named editors and Foley practitioners across the wider construction. London and Los Angeles critics joined Levi and Burn in hybrid music/sound categories. Together the records show a soundtrack whose authorship resists a single conventional box.

Major wins

Craft awards

Critics awards

Nominations / finalists

Other significant recognition

Connections

Continue through sound

Connections are labelled: comparisons are Printmaster editorial, not claims that one film directly influenced another.

Provenance

Sources

Facts, roles and quotations on this page are linked to named records. “Why it matters” and “Listen for” are Printmaster editorial.

  1. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. The 96th Academy Awards — winners and nominees ↗ 10 March 2024 · Used for: Best Sound result and recipients.
  2. BAFTA. Film / Sound — awards database ↗ 2024 · Used for: BAFTA Sound result and recipients.
  3. Commission Supérieure Technique. CST Award for Best Artist-Technician ↗ 2023 · Used for: Cannes craft award and credited discipline.
  4. European Film Academy. The Zone of Interest — European Film Awards record ↗ 2023 · Used for: European Sound result and recipients.
  5. Association of Motion Picture Sound. AMPS Awards 2024 — feature film ↗ 2024 · Used for: AMPS result and five named recipients.
  6. Motion Picture Sound Editors. 71st Golden Reel Awards nominees and winners ↗ 2024 · Used for: Sound editorial and Foley nomination roster.
  7. Polish Film Academy. Orły 2025 laureates ↗ 10 March 2025 · Used for: Polish Film Award for Best Sound.
  8. Cannes Soundtrack. Winner 2023 — Mica Levi ↗ 2023 · Used for: Cannes Soundtrack Award.
  9. Tarn Willers / IATSE Local 695. The Film You See: Capturing Location Sound on The Zone of Interest ↗ 2024 · Used for: First-person production workflow, microphones and roles.
  10. Bryan Abrams / Motion Picture Association. Creating the Soundscape From Hell ↗ 18 January 2024 · Used for: Research period, two-film method and spatial construction.
  11. Sophia Satchell-Baeza / BFI Sight and Sound. Mica Levi on their The Zone of Interest score ↗ 14 August 2024 · Used for: Music development, quotation and sound/score boundary.
  12. Sean O’Hagan / The Observer. Jonathan Glazer: ‘The film we watch is about us’ ↗ 10 December 2023 · Used for: Glazer quotation and formal concept.
  13. Halo Post. The Zone of Interest — facility credits ↗ 2023 · Used for: Post-production roles and mixing facility.
  14. Los Angeles Film Critics Association. 2023 Awards ↗ 2023 · Used for: Music/score award and special sound-design recognition.
  15. The Guardian. The Zone of Interest triumphs at London Critics’ Circle Awards ↗ 4 February 2024 · Used for: Technical Achievement award for music and sound.
  16. Music+Sound Awards. 2024 International winners ↗ 2024 · Used for: Sound-design award and credited team.